diff --git a/api/resolvers/vault.js b/api/resolvers/vault.js
index 5915899f..8ee4237e 100644
--- a/api/resolvers/vault.js
+++ b/api/resolvers/vault.js
@@ -8,10 +8,8 @@ export default {
 
       const k = await models.vault.findUnique({
         where: {
-          userId_key_ownerId_ownerType: {
-            key,
-            userId: me.id
-          }
+          key,
+          userId: me.id
         }
       })
       return k
@@ -19,7 +17,7 @@ export default {
     getVaultEntries: async (parent, { keysFilter }, { me, models }, info) => {
       if (!me) throw new GqlAuthenticationError()
 
-      const entries = await models.vault.findMany({
+      const entries = await models.vaultEntry.findMany({
         where: {
           userId: me.id,
           key: keysFilter?.length
@@ -54,12 +52,13 @@ export default {
       }
 
       for (const entry of entries) {
+        console.log(entry)
         txs.push(models.vaultEntry.update({
           where: { userId_key: { userId: me.id, key: entry.key } },
-          data: { value: entry.value }
+          data: { value: entry.value, iv: entry.iv }
         }))
       }
-      await models.prisma.$transaction(txs)
+      await models.$transaction(txs)
       return true
     },
     clearVault: async (parent, args, { me, models }) => {
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ export default {
         data: { vaultKeyHash: '' }
       }))
       txs.push(models.vaultEntry.deleteMany({ where: { userId: me.id } }))
-      await models.prisma.$transaction(txs)
+      await models.$transaction(txs)
       return true
     }
   }
diff --git a/api/resolvers/wallet.js b/api/resolvers/wallet.js
index 6711b20b..ecf5aacf 100644
--- a/api/resolvers/wallet.js
+++ b/api/resolvers/wallet.js
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ function injectResolvers (resolvers) {
     const resolverName = generateResolverName(walletDef.walletField)
     console.log(resolverName)
     resolvers.Mutation[resolverName] = async (parent, { settings, validateLightning, vaultEntries, ...data }, { me, models }) => {
-      // allow transformation of the data on validation (this is optional ... won't do anything if not implemented)
-      // TODO: our validation should be improved
-      const validData = await validateWallet(walletDef, { ...data, ...settings, vaultEntries })
+      const validData = await validateWallet(walletDef, { ...data, ...settings, vaultEntries }, { serverSide: true })
       if (validData) {
         Object.keys(validData).filter(key => key in data).forEach(key => { data[key] = validData[key] })
         Object.keys(validData).filter(key => key in settings).forEach(key => { settings[key] = validData[key] })
@@ -700,22 +698,27 @@ async function upsertWallet (
         data: {
           enabled,
           priority,
-          [wallet.field]: {
-            update: {
-              where: { walletId: Number(id) },
-              data: walletData
-            }
-          },
+          // client only wallets has no walletData
+          ...(Object.keys(walletData).length > 0
+            ? {
+                [wallet.field]: {
+                  update: {
+                    where: { walletId: Number(id) },
+                    data: walletData
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            : {}),
           vaultEntries: {
             deleteMany: difference(oldVaultEntries, vaultEntries, 'key').map(({ key }) => ({
               userId: me.id, key
             })),
-            create: difference(vaultEntries, oldVaultEntries, 'key').map(({ key, value }) => ({
-              key, value, userId: me.id
+            create: difference(vaultEntries, oldVaultEntries, 'key').map(({ key, iv, value }) => ({
+              key, iv, value, userId: me.id
             })),
-            update: intersectionMerge(oldVaultEntries, vaultEntries, 'key').map(({ key, value }) => ({
+            update: intersectionMerge(oldVaultEntries, vaultEntries, 'key').map(({ key, iv, value }) => ({
               where: { userId_key: { userId: me.id, key } },
-              data: { value }
+              data: { value, iv }
             }))
           }
         },
@@ -735,9 +738,8 @@ async function upsertWallet (
           priority,
           userId: me.id,
           type: wallet.type,
-          [wallet.field]: {
-            create: walletData
-          },
+          // client only wallets has no walletData
+          ...(Object.keys(walletData).length > 0 ? { [wallet.field]: { create: walletData } } : {}),
           vaultEntries: {
             createMany: {
               data: vaultEntries.map(({ key, value }) => ({ key, value, userId: me.id }))
diff --git a/api/typeDefs/vault.js b/api/typeDefs/vault.js
index a1600ea9..76be6a4e 100644
--- a/api/typeDefs/vault.js
+++ b/api/typeDefs/vault.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ export default gql`
   type VaultEntry {
     id: ID!
     key: String!
+    iv: String!
     value: String!
     createdAt: Date!
     updatedAt: Date!
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ export default gql`
 
   input VaultEntryInput {
     key: String!
+    iv: String!
     value: String!
     walletId: ID
   }
diff --git a/components/device-sync.js b/components/device-sync.js
index 2a3084d5..99b590d8 100644
--- a/components/device-sync.js
+++ b/components/device-sync.js
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ import { useApolloClient } from '@apollo/client'
 export default function DeviceSync () {
   const { me } = useMe()
   const apollo = useApolloClient()
-  const [value, setVaultKey, clearVault, disconnectVault] = useVaultConfigurator()
+  const { key, setVaultKey, clearVault } = useVaultConfigurator()
   const showModal = useShowModal()
 
   const enabled = !!me?.privates?.vaultKeyHash
-  const connected = !!value?.key
+  const connected = !!key
 
   const manage = useCallback(async () => {
     if (enabled && connected) {
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export default function DeviceSync () {
         <div>
           <h2>Device sync is enabled!</h2>
           <p>
-            Sensitive data (like wallet credentials) is now securely synced between all connected devices.
+            Sensitive data (like wallet credentials) are now securely synced between all connected devices.
           </p>
           <p className='text-muted text-sm'>
             Disconnect to prevent this device from syncing data or to reset your passphrase.
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export default function DeviceSync () {
               <Button
                 variant='primary'
                 onClick={() => {
-                  disconnectVault()
+                  clearVault()
                   onClose()
                 }}
               >disconnect
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export default function DeviceSync () {
         <ConnectForm onClose={onClose} onConnect={onConnect} enabled={enabled} />
       ))
     }
-  }, [enabled, connected, value])
+  }, [enabled, connected, key])
 
   const reset = useCallback(async () => {
     const schema = yup.object().shape({
diff --git a/components/form.js b/components/form.js
index 9a26091e..d52fee36 100644
--- a/components/form.js
+++ b/components/form.js
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@ import Clipboard from '@/svgs/clipboard-line.svg'
 import QrIcon from '@/svgs/qr-code-line.svg'
 import QrScanIcon from '@/svgs/qr-scan-line.svg'
 import { useShowModal } from './modal'
-import QRCode from 'qrcode.react'
-import { QrScanner } from '@yudiel/react-qr-scanner'
+import { QRCodeSVG } from 'qrcode.react'
+import { Scanner } from '@yudiel/react-qr-scanner'
+import { qrImageSettings } from './qr'
 
 export class SessionRequiredError extends Error {
   constructor () {
@@ -1069,7 +1070,7 @@ function Client (Component) {
     // where the initial value is not available on first render.
     // Example: value is stored in localStorage which is fetched
     // after first render using an useEffect hook.
-    const [,, helpers] = useField(props)
+    const [,, helpers] = props.noForm ? [{}, {}, {}] : useField(props)
 
     useEffect(() => {
       initialValue && helpers.setValue(initialValue)
@@ -1102,9 +1103,11 @@ function QrPassword ({ value }) {
 
   const showQr = useCallback(() => {
     showModal(close => (
-      <div className={styles.qr}>
-        <p>You can import this passphrase into another device by scanning this QR code</p>
-        <QRCode value={value} renderAs='svg' />
+      <div>
+        <p className='line-height-md text-muted'>Import this passphrase into another device by navigating to device sync settings and scanning this QR code</p>
+        <div className='d-block p-3 mx-auto' style={{ background: 'white', maxWidth: '300px' }}>
+          <QRCodeSVG className='h-auto mw-100' value={value} size={300} imageSettings={qrImageSettings} />
+        </div>
       </div>
     ))
   }, [toaster, value, showModal])
@@ -1121,10 +1124,9 @@ function QrPassword ({ value }) {
   )
 }
 
-function PasswordScanner ({ onDecode }) {
+function PasswordScanner ({ onScan }) {
   const showModal = useShowModal()
   const toaster = useToast()
-  const ref = useRef(false)
 
   return (
     <InputGroup.Text
@@ -1132,20 +1134,24 @@ function PasswordScanner ({ onDecode }) {
       onClick={() => {
         showModal(onClose => {
           return (
-            <QrScanner
-              onDecode={(decoded) => {
-                onDecode(decoded)
-
-                // avoid accidentally calling onClose multiple times
-                if (ref?.current) return
-                ref.current = true
-
-                onClose({ back: 1 })
+            <Scanner
+              formats={['qr_code']}
+              onScan={([{ rawValue: result }]) => {
+                onScan(result)
+                onClose()
+              }}
+              styles={{
+                video: {
+                  aspectRatio: '1 / 1'
+                }
               }}
               onError={(error) => {
-                if (error instanceof DOMException) return
-                toaster.danger('qr scan error:', error.message || error.toString?.())
-                onClose({ back: 1 })
+                if (error instanceof DOMException) {
+                  console.log(error)
+                } else {
+                  toaster.danger('qr scan: ' + error?.message || error?.toString?.())
+                }
+                onClose()
               }}
             />
           )
@@ -1159,9 +1165,9 @@ function PasswordScanner ({ onDecode }) {
   )
 }
 
-export function PasswordInput ({ newPass, qr, copy, readOnly, append, ...props }) {
+export function PasswordInput ({ newPass, qr, copy, readOnly, append, value, ...props }) {
   const [showPass, setShowPass] = useState(false)
-  const [field] = useField(props)
+  const [field, helpers] = props.noForm ? [{ value }, {}, {}] : useField(props)
 
   const Append = useMemo(() => {
     return (
@@ -1173,12 +1179,7 @@ export function PasswordInput ({ newPass, qr, copy, readOnly, append, ...props }
         {qr && (readOnly
           ? <QrPassword value={field?.value} />
           : <PasswordScanner
-              onDecode={decoded => {
-                // Formik helpers don't seem to work in another modal.
-                // I assume it's because we unmount the Formik component
-                // when replace it with another modal.
-                window.localStorage.setItem('qr:passphrase', decoded)
-              }}
+              onScan={v => helpers.setValue(v)}
             />)}
         {append}
       </>
diff --git a/components/qr.js b/components/qr.js
index 8b3f4563..23757ba3 100644
--- a/components/qr.js
+++ b/components/qr.js
@@ -5,6 +5,15 @@ import { useEffect } from 'react'
 import { useWallet } from '@/wallets/index'
 import Bolt11Info from './bolt11-info'
 
+export const qrImageSettings = {
+  src: 'data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\' viewBox=\'0 0 256 256\'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule=\'evenodd\' d=\'m46.7 96.4 37.858 53.837-71.787 62.934L117.5 155.4l-40.075-52.854 49.412-59.492Zm156.35 41.546-49.416-58.509-34.909 116.771 44.25-67.358 58.509 59.25L241.4 47.725Z\'/%3E%3C/svg%3E',
+  x: undefined,
+  y: undefined,
+  height: 60,
+  width: 60,
+  excavate: true
+}
+
 export default function Qr ({ asIs, value, useWallet: automated, statusVariant, description, status }) {
   const qrValue = asIs ? value : 'lightning:' + value.toUpperCase()
   const wallet = useWallet()
@@ -26,14 +35,7 @@ export default function Qr ({ asIs, value, useWallet: automated, statusVariant,
     <>
       <a className='d-block p-3 mx-auto' style={{ background: 'white', maxWidth: '300px' }} href={qrValue}>
         <QRCodeSVG
-          className='h-auto mw-100' value={qrValue} size={300} imageSettings={{
-            src: 'data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=\'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\' viewBox=\'0 0 256 256\'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule=\'evenodd\' d=\'m46.7 96.4 37.858 53.837-71.787 62.934L117.5 155.4l-40.075-52.854 49.412-59.492Zm156.35 41.546-49.416-58.509-34.909 116.771 44.25-67.358 58.509 59.25L241.4 47.725Z\'/%3E%3C/svg%3E',
-            x: undefined,
-            y: undefined,
-            height: 60,
-            width: 60,
-            excavate: true
-          }}
+          className='h-auto mw-100' value={qrValue} size={300} imageSettings={qrImageSettings}
         />
       </a>
       {description && <div className='mt-1 text-center text-muted'>{description}</div>}
diff --git a/components/vault/use-vault-configurator.js b/components/vault/use-vault-configurator.js
index f55e7cf1..b62b4cee 100644
--- a/components/vault/use-vault-configurator.js
+++ b/components/vault/use-vault-configurator.js
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react'
 import { E_VAULT_KEY_EXISTS } from '@/lib/error'
 import { CLEAR_VAULT, GET_VAULT_ENTRIES, UPDATE_VAULT_KEY } from '@/fragments/vault'
 import { toHex } from '@/lib/hex'
-import { decryptData, encryptData } from './use-vault'
+import { decryptValue, encryptValue } from './use-vault'
 
 const useImperativeQuery = (query) => {
   const { refetch } = useQuery(query, { skip: true })
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const useImperativeQuery = (query) => {
 export function useVaultConfigurator () {
   const { me } = useMe()
   const toaster = useToast()
-  const idbConfig = useMemo(() => ({ dbName: getDbName(me?.id, 'vault'), storeName: 'vault' }), [me?.id])
+  const idbConfig = useMemo(() => ({ dbName: getDbName(me?.id, 'vault'), storeName: 'vault', options: {} }), [me?.id])
   const { set, get, remove } = useIndexedDB(idbConfig)
   const [updateVaultKey] = useMutation(UPDATE_VAULT_KEY)
   const getVaultEntries = useImperativeQuery(GET_VAULT_ENTRIES)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export function useVaultConfigurator () {
         // toaster?.danger('error loading vault configuration ' + e.message)
       }
     })()
-  }, [me?.privates?.vaultKeyHash, keyHash, get, remove])
+  }, [me?.privates?.vaultKeyHash, keyHash, get, remove, setKey])
 
   // clear vault: remove everything and reset the key
   const [clearVault] = useMutation(CLEAR_VAULT, {
@@ -62,6 +62,12 @@ export function useVaultConfigurator () {
     }
   })
 
+  const disconnectVault = useCallback(async () => {
+    await remove('key')
+    setKey(null)
+    setKeyHash(null)
+  }, [remove, setKey, setKeyHash])
+
   // initialize the vault and set a vault key
   const setVaultKey = useCallback(async (passphrase) => {
     try {
@@ -69,10 +75,12 @@ export function useVaultConfigurator () {
       const vaultKey = await deriveKey(me.id, passphrase)
       const { data } = await getVaultEntries()
 
+      // TODO: push any local configurations to the server so long as they don't conflict
+      // delete any locally stored configurations after vault key is set
       const entries = []
-      for (const entry of data.getVaultEntries) {
-        entry.value = await decryptData(oldKeyValue.key, entry.value)
-        entries.push({ key: entry.key, value: await encryptData(vaultKey.key, entry.value) })
+      for (const { key, iv, value } of data.getVaultEntries) {
+        const plainValue = await decryptValue(oldKeyValue.key, { iv, value })
+        entries.push({ key, ...await encryptValue(vaultKey.key, plainValue) })
       }
 
       await updateVaultKey({
@@ -89,11 +97,11 @@ export function useVaultConfigurator () {
       setKeyHash(vaultKey.hash)
       await set('key', vaultKey)
     } catch (e) {
-      toaster.danger('error setting vault key ' + e.message)
+      toaster.danger(e.message)
     }
   }, [getVaultEntries, updateVaultKey, set, get, remove])
 
-  return [key, setVaultKey, clearVault]
+  return { key, setVaultKey, clearVault, disconnectVault }
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/components/vault/use-vault.js b/components/vault/use-vault.js
index 4ae7e86a..b8333559 100644
--- a/components/vault/use-vault.js
+++ b/components/vault/use-vault.js
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ export default function useVault () {
 
   const encrypt = useCallback(async (value) => {
     if (!key) throw new Error('no vault key set')
-    return await encryptData(key.key, value)
+    return await encryptValue(key.key, value)
   }, [key])
 
-  const decrypt = useCallback(async (value) => {
+  const decrypt = useCallback(async ({ iv, value }) => {
     if (!key) throw new Error('no vault key set')
-    return await decryptData(key.key, value)
+    return await decryptValue(key.key, { iv, value })
   }, [key])
 
   return { encrypt, decrypt, isActive: !!key }
@@ -21,14 +21,15 @@ export default function useVault () {
 /**
  * Encrypt data using AES-GCM
  * @param {CryptoKey} sharedKey - the key to use for encryption
- * @param {Object} data - the data to encrypt
- * @returns {Promise<string>} a string representing the encrypted data, can be passed to decryptData to get the original data back
+ * @param {Object} value - the value to encrypt
+ * @returns {Promise<Object>} an object with iv and value properties, can be passed to decryptValue to get the original data back
  */
-export async function encryptData (sharedKey, data) {
+export async function encryptValue (sharedKey, value) {
   // random IVs are _really_ important in GCM: reusing the IV once can lead to catastrophic failure
   // see https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/26790/how-bad-it-is-using-the-same-iv-twice-with-aes-gcm
+  // 12 bytes (96 bits) is the recommended IV size for AES-GCM
   const iv = window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(12))
-  const encoded = new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(data))
+  const encoded = new TextEncoder().encode(JSON.stringify(value))
   const encrypted = await window.crypto.subtle.encrypt(
     {
       name: 'AES-GCM',
@@ -37,27 +38,26 @@ export async function encryptData (sharedKey, data) {
     sharedKey,
     encoded
   )
-  return JSON.stringify({
+  return {
     iv: toHex(iv.buffer),
-    data: toHex(encrypted)
-  })
+    value: toHex(encrypted)
+  }
 }
 
 /**
  * Decrypt data using AES-GCM
  * @param {CryptoKey} sharedKey - the key to use for decryption
- * @param {string} encryptedData - the encrypted data as returned by encryptData
+ * @param {Object} encryptedValue - the encrypted value as returned by encryptValue
  * @returns {Promise<Object>} the original unencrypted data
  */
-export async function decryptData (sharedKey, encryptedData) {
-  const { iv, data } = JSON.parse(encryptedData)
+export async function decryptValue (sharedKey, { iv, value }) {
   const decrypted = await window.crypto.subtle.decrypt(
     {
       name: 'AES-GCM',
       iv: fromHex(iv)
     },
     sharedKey,
-    fromHex(data)
+    fromHex(value)
   )
   const decoded = new TextDecoder().decode(decrypted)
   return JSON.parse(decoded)
diff --git a/fragments/vault.js b/fragments/vault.js
index 20f524dc..5608ae61 100644
--- a/fragments/vault.js
+++ b/fragments/vault.js
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import { gql } from '@apollo/client'
 
-export const VAULT_FIELDS = gql`
-  fragment VaultFields on Vault {
+export const VAULT_ENTRY_FIELDS = gql`
+  fragment VaultEntryFields on VaultEntry {
     id
     key
+    iv
     value
     createdAt
     updatedAt
@@ -11,21 +12,21 @@ export const VAULT_FIELDS = gql`
 `
 
 export const GET_VAULT_ENTRY = gql`
-  ${VAULT_FIELDS}
+  ${VAULT_ENTRY_FIELDS}
   query GetVaultEntry(
     $key: String!
   ) {
     getVaultEntry(key: $key) {
-      ...VaultFields
+      ...VaultEntryFields
     }
   }
 `
 
 export const GET_VAULT_ENTRIES = gql`
-  ${VAULT_FIELDS}
+  ${VAULT_ENTRY_FIELDS}
   query GetVaultEntries {
     getVaultEntries {
-      ...VaultFields
+      ...VaultEntryFields
     }
   }
 `
diff --git a/fragments/wallet.js b/fragments/wallet.js
index 10e71e3d..59249a08 100644
--- a/fragments/wallet.js
+++ b/fragments/wallet.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { gql } from '@apollo/client'
 import { ITEM_FULL_FIELDS } from './items'
+import { VAULT_ENTRY_FIELDS } from './vault'
 
 export const INVOICE_FIELDS = gql`
   fragment InvoiceFields on Invoice {
@@ -108,6 +109,7 @@ mutation removeWallet($id: ID!) {
 `
 // XXX [WALLET] this needs to be updated if another server wallet is added
 export const WALLET_FIELDS = gql`
+  ${VAULT_ENTRY_FIELDS}
   fragment WalletFields on Wallet {
     id
     priority
@@ -115,8 +117,7 @@ export const WALLET_FIELDS = gql`
     updatedAt
     enabled
     vaultEntries {
-      key
-      value
+      ...VaultEntryFields
     }
     wallet {
       __typename
diff --git a/lib/validate.js b/lib/validate.js
index 9c3efeb1..49fee995 100644
--- a/lib/validate.js
+++ b/lib/validate.js
@@ -193,6 +193,12 @@ export const autowithdrawSchemaMembers = object({
   autoWithdrawMaxFeeTotal: intValidator.required('required').min(0, 'must be at least 0').max(1_000, 'must not exceed 1000').transform(Number)
 })
 
+export const vaultEntrySchema = key => object({
+  key: string().required('required').matches(key, `expected ${key}`),
+  iv: string().required('required').hex().length(24, 'must be 24 characters long'),
+  value: string().required('required').hex().min(2).max(1024 * 10)
+})
+
 export const lnAddrSchema = ({ payerData, min, max, commentAllowed } = {}) =>
   object({
     addr: lightningAddressValidator.required('required'),
diff --git a/lib/yup.js b/lib/yup.js
index 6102eae4..9984ca03 100644
--- a/lib/yup.js
+++ b/lib/yup.js
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import { addMethod, string, mixed } from 'yup'
+import { addMethod, string, mixed, array } from 'yup'
 import { parseNwcUrl } from './url'
 import { NOSTR_PUBKEY_HEX } from './nostr'
 import { ensureB64, HEX_REGEX } from './format'
+export * from 'yup'
 
 function orFunc (schemas, msg) {
   return this.test({
@@ -164,4 +165,26 @@ addMethod(string, 'nwcUrl', function () {
   })
 })
 
-export * from 'yup'
+addMethod(array, 'equalto', function equals (
+  schemas,
+  message
+) {
+  return this.test({
+    name: 'equalto',
+    message: message || `${this.path} has invalid values`,
+    test: function (items) {
+      if (items.length !== schemas.length) {
+        return this.createError({ message: `Expected ${this.path} to be ${schemas.length} items, but got ${items.length}` })
+      }
+      const remainingSchemas = [...schemas]
+      for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+        const index = remainingSchemas.findIndex(schema => schema.isValidSync(items[i], { strict: true }))
+        if (index === -1) {
+          return this.createError({ message: `${this.path}[${i}] has invalid value` })
+        }
+        remainingSchemas.splice(index, 1)
+      }
+      return true
+    }
+  })
+})
diff --git a/pages/settings/index.js b/pages/settings/index.js
index feb3fadd..b1c9f5c1 100644
--- a/pages/settings/index.js
+++ b/pages/settings/index.js
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ export function SettingsHeader () {
             <Nav.Link eventKey='mutes'>muted stackers</Nav.Link>
           </Link>
         </Nav.Item>
+        <Nav.Item>
+          <Link href='/settings/passphrase' passHref legacyBehavior>
+            <Nav.Link eventKey='passphrase'>device sync</Nav.Link>
+          </Link>
+        </Nav.Item>
       </Nav>
     </>
   )
diff --git a/pages/settings/passphrase/index.js b/pages/settings/passphrase/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..39461c25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pages/settings/passphrase/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+import { getGetServerSideProps } from '@/api/ssrApollo'
+import Layout from '@/components/layout'
+import { SettingsHeader } from '../index'
+import { useVaultConfigurator } from '@/components/vault/use-vault-configurator'
+import { useMe } from '@/components/me'
+import { Button, InputGroup } from 'react-bootstrap'
+import bip39Words from '@/lib/bip39-words'
+import { Form, PasswordInput, SubmitButton } from '@/components/form'
+import { deviceSyncSchema } from '@/lib/validate'
+import RefreshIcon from '@/svgs/refresh-line.svg'
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { useToast } from '@/components/toast'
+
+export const getServerSideProps = getGetServerSideProps({ authRequired: true })
+
+export default function DeviceSync ({ ssrData }) {
+  const { me } = useMe()
+  const { key, setVaultKey, clearVault, disconnectVault } = useVaultConfigurator()
+  const [passphrase, setPassphrase] = useState()
+
+  const setSeedPassphrase = useCallback(async (passphrase) => {
+    await setVaultKey(passphrase)
+    setPassphrase(passphrase)
+  }, [setVaultKey])
+
+  const enabled = !!me?.privates?.vaultKeyHash
+  const connected = !!key
+
+  return (
+    <Layout>
+      <div className='pb-3 w-100 mt-2'>
+        <SettingsHeader />
+        <div className='mt-3' style={{ maxWidth: '600px' }}>
+          {
+            (connected && passphrase && <Connect passphrase={passphrase} />) ||
+            (connected && <Connected disconnectVault={disconnectVault} />) ||
+            (enabled && <Enabled setVaultKey={setVaultKey} clearVault={clearVault} />) ||
+              <Setup setSeedPassphrase={setSeedPassphrase} />
+          }
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </Layout>
+  )
+}
+
+function Connect ({ passphrase }) {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Connect other devices</h2>
+      <p className='line-height-md'>
+        On your other devices, navigate to device sync settings and enter this exact passphrase.
+      </p>
+      <p className='line-height-md'>
+        Once you leave this page, this passphrase cannot be shown again. Connect all the devices you plan to use or write this passphrase down somewhere safe.
+      </p>
+      <PasswordInput
+        label='passphrase'
+        name='passphrase'
+        placeholder=''
+        required
+        autoFocus
+        as='textarea'
+        value={passphrase}
+        noForm
+        rows={3}
+        readOnly
+        copy
+        qr
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function Connected ({ disconnectVault }) {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Device sync is enabled!</h2>
+      <p>
+        Sensitive data on this device is now securely synced between all connected devices.
+      </p>
+      <p className='text-muted text-sm'>
+        Disconnect to prevent this device from syncing data or to reset your passphrase.
+      </p>
+      <div className='d-flex justify-content-between'>
+        <div className='d-flex align-items-center ms-auto gap-2'>
+          <Button
+            variant='primary'
+            onClick={disconnectVault}
+          >disconnect
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function Enabled ({ setVaultKey, clearVault }) {
+  const toaster = useToast()
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Device sync is enabled</h2>
+      <p className='line-height-md'>
+        This device is not connected. Enter or scan your passphrase to connect. If you've lost your passphrase you may reset it.
+      </p>
+      <Form
+        schema={deviceSyncSchema}
+        initial={{ passphrase: '' }}
+        enableReinitialize
+        onSubmit={async ({ passphrase }) => {
+          try {
+            await setVaultKey(passphrase)
+          } catch (e) {
+            console.error(e)
+            toaster.danger('error setting vault key')
+          }
+        }}
+      >
+        <PasswordInput
+          label='passphrase'
+          name='passphrase'
+          placeholder=''
+          required
+          autoFocus
+          as='textarea'
+          rows={3}
+          qr
+        />
+        <div className='mt-3'>
+          <div className='d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center'>
+            <Button variant='danger' onClick={clearVault}>reset</Button>
+            <SubmitButton variant='primary'>enable</SubmitButton>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </Form>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+const generatePassphrase = (n = 12) => {
+  const rand = new Uint32Array(n)
+  window.crypto.getRandomValues(rand)
+  return Array.from(rand).map(i => bip39Words[i % bip39Words.length]).join(' ')
+}
+
+function Setup ({ setSeedPassphrase }) {
+  const [passphrase, setPassphrase] = useState()
+  const toaster = useToast()
+  const newPassphrase = useCallback(() => {
+    setPassphrase(() => generatePassphrase(12))
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setPassphrase(() => generatePassphrase(12))
+  }, [])
+
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h2>Enable device sync</h2>
+      <p>
+        Enable secure sync of sensitive data (like wallet credentials) between your devices.
+      </p>
+      <p className='text-muted text-sm line-height-md'>
+        After enabled, your passphrase can be used to connect other devices.
+      </p>
+      <Form
+        schema={deviceSyncSchema}
+        initial={{ passphrase }}
+        enableReinitialize
+        onSubmit={async ({ passphrase }) => {
+          try {
+            await setSeedPassphrase(passphrase)
+          } catch (e) {
+            console.error(e)
+            toaster.danger('error setting passphrase')
+          }
+        }}
+      >
+        <PasswordInput
+          label='passphrase'
+          name='passphrase'
+          placeholder=''
+          required
+          autoFocus
+          as='textarea'
+          rows={3}
+          readOnly
+          append={
+            <InputGroup.Text style={{ cursor: 'pointer', userSelect: 'none' }} onClick={newPassphrase}>
+              <RefreshIcon width={16} height={16} />
+            </InputGroup.Text>
+          }
+        />
+        <div className='mt-3'>
+          <div className='d-flex justify-content-between'>
+            <div className='d-flex align-items-center ms-auto gap-2'>
+              <SubmitButton variant='primary'>enable</SubmitButton>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </Form>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/pages/settings/wallets/[wallet].js b/pages/settings/wallets/[wallet].js
index fbe624e9..3b934c7f 100644
--- a/pages/settings/wallets/[wallet].js
+++ b/pages/settings/wallets/[wallet].js
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export default function WalletSettings () {
 
   const validate = useCallback(async (data) => {
     try {
-      await validateWallet(wallet.def, data, { abortEarly: false, topLevel: false })
+      await validateWallet(wallet.def, data, { yupOptions: { abortEarly: false }, topLevel: false })
     } catch (error) {
       if (error instanceof ValidationError) {
         return error.inner.reduce((acc, error) => {
diff --git a/wallets/config.js b/wallets/config.js
index 2c827ff5..3a7e4a67 100644
--- a/wallets/config.js
+++ b/wallets/config.js
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export function useWalletConfigurator (wallet) {
     if (clientOnly && isActive) {
       for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(clientOnly)) {
         if (value) {
-          vaultEntries.push({ key, value: encrypt(value) })
+          vaultEntries.push({ key, ...await encrypt(value) })
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/wallets/index.js b/wallets/index.js
index 99eea902..ba8502ec 100644
--- a/wallets/index.js
+++ b/wallets/index.js
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@ function useLocalWallets () {
 const walletDefsOnly = walletDefs.map(w => ({ def: w, config: {} }))
 
 export function WalletsProvider ({ children }) {
-  const { decrypt } = useVault()
+  const { isActive, decrypt } = useVault()
   const { me } = useMe()
   const { wallets: localWallets, reloadLocalWallets } = useLocalWallets()
   const [setWalletPriority] = useMutation(SET_WALLET_PRIORITY)
+  const [serverWallets, setServerWallets] = useState([])
 
   const { data, refetch } = useQuery(WALLETS,
     SSR ? {} : { nextFetchPolicy: 'cache-and-network' })
@@ -56,23 +57,37 @@ export function WalletsProvider ({ children }) {
     }
   }, [me?.privates?.walletsUpdatedAt, me?.privates?.vaultKeyHash, refetch])
 
-  const wallets = useMemo(() => {
-    // form wallets into a list of { config, def }
-    const wallets = data?.wallets?.map(w => {
-      const def = getWalletByType(w.type)
-      const { vaultEntries, ...config } = w
-      for (const { key, value } of vaultEntries) {
-        config[key] = decrypt(value)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    async function loadWallets () {
+      if (!data?.wallets) return
+      // form wallets into a list of { config, def }
+      const wallets = []
+      for (const w of data.wallets) {
+        const def = getWalletByType(w.type)
+        const { vaultEntries, ...config } = w
+        if (isActive) {
+          for (const { key, iv, value } of vaultEntries) {
+            try {
+              config[key] = await decrypt({ iv, value })
+            } catch (e) {
+              console.error('error decrypting vault entry', e)
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        // the specific wallet config on the server is stored in wallet.wallet
+        // on the client, it's stored unnested
+        wallets.push({ config: { ...config, ...w.wallet }, def })
       }
+      setServerWallets(wallets)
+    }
+    loadWallets()
+  }, [data?.wallets, decrypt, isActive])
 
-      // the specific wallet config on the server is stored in wallet.wallet
-      // on the client, it's stored unnested
-      return { config: { ...config, ...w.wallet }, def }
-    }) ?? []
-
-    // merge wallets on name like: { ...unconfigured, ...localConfig, ...serverConfig }
+  // merge wallets on name like: { ...unconfigured, ...localConfig, ...serverConfig }
+  const wallets = useMemo(() => {
     const merged = {}
-    for (const wallet of [...walletDefsOnly, ...localWallets, ...wallets]) {
+    for (const wallet of [...walletDefsOnly, ...localWallets, ...serverWallets]) {
       merged[wallet.def.name] = {
         def: wallet.def,
         config: {
@@ -91,7 +106,7 @@ export function WalletsProvider ({ children }) {
     return Object.values(merged)
       .sort(walletPrioritySort)
       .map(w => ({ ...w, status: w.config?.enabled ? Status.Enabled : Status.Disabled }))
-  }, [data?.wallets, localWallets])
+  }, [serverWallets, localWallets])
 
   const setPriorities = useCallback(async (priorities) => {
     for (const { wallet, priority } of priorities) {
diff --git a/wallets/validate.js b/wallets/validate.js
index 4040c826..b3b3a4da 100644
--- a/wallets/validate.js
+++ b/wallets/validate.js
@@ -7,21 +7,22 @@
    - a regular expression that must match
 */
 
-import { autowithdrawSchemaMembers } from '@/lib/validate'
+import { autowithdrawSchemaMembers, vaultEntrySchema } from '@/lib/validate'
 import * as Yup from '@/lib/yup'
 import { canReceive } from './common'
 
-export default async function validateWallet (walletDef, data, options = { abortEarly: true, topLevel: true }) {
-  let schema = composeWalletSchema(walletDef)
+export default async function validateWallet (walletDef, data,
+  { yupOptions = { abortEarly: true }, topLevel = true, serverSide = false } = {}) {
+  let schema = composeWalletSchema(walletDef, serverSide)
 
   if (canReceive({ def: walletDef, config: data })) {
     schema = schema.concat(autowithdrawSchemaMembers)
   }
 
-  await schema.validate(data, options)
+  await schema.validate(data, yupOptions)
 
   const casted = schema.cast(data, { assert: false })
-  if (options.topLevel && walletDef.validate) {
+  if (topLevel && walletDef.validate) {
     await walletDef.validate(casted)
   }
 
@@ -57,29 +58,40 @@ function createFieldSchema (name, validate) {
   }
 }
 
-function composeWalletSchema (walletDef) {
+function composeWalletSchema (walletDef, serverSide) {
   const { fields } = walletDef
 
+  const vaultEntrySchemas = []
   const schemaShape = fields.reduce((acc, field) => {
-    const { name, validate, optional, requiredWithout } = field
+    const { name, validate, optional, clientOnly, requiredWithout } = field
 
-    acc[name] = createFieldSchema(name, validate)
+    if (clientOnly && serverSide) {
+      // For server-side validation, accumulate clientOnly fields as vaultEntries
+      vaultEntrySchemas.push(vaultEntrySchema(name))
+    } else {
+      acc[name] = createFieldSchema(name, validate)
 
-    if (!optional) {
-      acc[name] = acc[name].required('Required')
-    } else if (requiredWithout) {
-      acc[name] = acc[name].when([requiredWithout], ([pairSetting], schema) => {
-        if (!pairSetting) return schema.required(`required if ${requiredWithout} not set`)
-        return Yup.mixed().or([schema.test({
-          test: value => value !== pairSetting,
-          message: `${name} cannot be the same as ${requiredWithout}`
-        }), Yup.mixed().notRequired()])
-      })
+      if (!optional) {
+        acc[name] = acc[name].required('Required')
+      } else if (requiredWithout) {
+        acc[name] = acc[name].when([requiredWithout], ([pairSetting], schema) => {
+          if (!pairSetting) return schema.required(`required if ${requiredWithout} not set`)
+          return Yup.mixed().or([schema.test({
+            test: value => value !== pairSetting,
+            message: `${name} cannot be the same as ${requiredWithout}`
+          }), Yup.mixed().notRequired()])
+        })
+      }
     }
 
     return acc
   }, {})
 
+  // Finalize the vaultEntries schema if it exists
+  if (vaultEntrySchemas.length > 0) {
+    schemaShape.vaultEntries = Yup.array().equalto(vaultEntrySchemas)
+  }
+
   // we use Object.keys(schemaShape).reverse() to avoid cyclic dependencies in Yup schema
   // see https://github.com/jquense/yup/issues/176#issuecomment-367352042
   const composedSchema = Yup.object().shape(schemaShape, Object.keys(schemaShape).reverse()).concat(Yup.object({
diff --git a/wallets/webln/index.js b/wallets/webln/index.js
index 4fe2efba..37cf9f1e 100644
--- a/wallets/webln/index.js
+++ b/wallets/webln/index.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ export const walletType = 'WEBLN'
 export const walletField = 'walletWebLN'
 
 export const validate = ({ enabled }) => {
-  if (enabled && typeof window?.webln === 'undefined') {
+  if (enabled && typeof window !== 'undefined' && !window?.webln) {
     throw new Error('no WebLN provider found')
   }
 }